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    DNA Methylation
    • Hematology
    • BCMA (CAR T, TCE, ADC)
    • BET
    • CD19 (CAR T)
    • CD47
    • CRBN
    • DNA methyltransferase
    • HDAC
    • IDH
    • JAK2
    • LSD1
    • PD-1
    • SLAMF7
    • Smad2/3

    DNA methyltransferase

    DNA methylation is a modification of cytosine nucleotides catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases.1 This process is important for genomic stability and epigenetic gene silencing in normal cells as well as cellular differentiation during development.2,3 Methylation occurs at CpG dinucleotides, which are often enriched at promoter regions of genes.2,4 In normal tissues, promoter regions are usually unmethylated. Aberrant DNA hypermethylation contributes to gene silencing, including that of tumor suppressor genes, which may promote development and progression of certain cancers.4-9 Aberrant DNA methylation has been observed in correlative studies in a number of malignancies, including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), breast cancer, and lung cancer.6-11

    As the roles of epigenetic modifications in various malignancies are dissected, epigenetic modifying therapies may increasingly play a role in the treatment of cancer.12

    DNA methylation research

    mRNA, messenger RNA.

    References

    1. Santini V. Expert Rev Hematol. 2009;2:121-127. PMID: 21083445
    2. Santini V, et al. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:573-586. PMID: 11281740
    3. Karpf AR, Matsui S. Cancer Res. 2005;65:8635-8639. PMID: 16204030
    4. Esteller M. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1148-1159. PMID: 18337604
    5. Gronbaek K, et al. APMIS. 2007;115:1039-1059. PMID: 18042143
    6. Figueroa ME, et al. Blood. 2009;114:3448-3458. PMID: 19652201
    7. Aggerholm A, et al. Eur J Haematol. 2006;76:23-32. PMID: 16343268
    8. Jiang Y, et al. Blood. 2009;113:1315-1325. PMID: 18832655
    9. Melki JR, et al. Cancer Res. 1999;59:3730-3740. PMID: 10446989
    10. Avraham A, et al. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e91805. PMID: 24651077
    11. Shames DS, et al. PLoS Med. 2006;3:e486. PMID: 17194187
    12. Dawson MA, Kouzarides T. Cell. 2012;150:12-27. PMID: 22770212
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